- Sibuyan is found at the center of the Philippine archipelago. It's located at 12 degrees latitude 21'N and 122 degrees longitude 39'E,
- It measures around 463 square kilometers
- Crescent shaped island bounded on the far north by Marinduque, on the south by Panay Island, on the east by Masbate, and on the west by Tablas and Romblon Islands.
- The island has pre-tertiary rock units which consist of schists, marble, altered volcanic rocks, and ultramafic rocks.
- Relatively a rugged a rugged place, with a saw-toothed peak Mt. Guiting Guiting (literally means "the saw-toothed mountain", in reference to its jagged ridge) - the highest peak in Romblon and considered to be among the more formidable mountains in the country.
- Seismic forces pushed up it's peak from the earth's crust, forming a series of several peaks and slopes. The two prominent peaks are Mt. Guiting-Guiting with a height of 2,057m and Mt. Nailog with a height of 789m.
- The climate in the island is classified under Type III characterized as having no very pronounced maximum rain period, with a short dry season lasting only from one to three months.
- The vegetation of the island consists of different types, namely: mangrove and beach forests, lowland evergreen rainforest, forest over ultrafamic soils, montane forest, summit grassland, and heath forest.
- The mangrove vegetation in Sibuyan Island is still extensive, well-developed, and relatively undisturbed in most of its areas. These are found at the mouth of rivers and extensive mudflats at coastal areas. In 1986, it was reported that about 352 hectares of mangrove forest remain.
- The summit of the entire island's mountain is devoid of tall trees and characterized by a grassland and heath type of vegetation. The dominant plants are grasses such as Poa species and species of Cyperaceae. There are also different species of Rhododendrons, and Vaccinium.
- The island is believed to be completely covered by forest until the 1940's
- Sibuyan is a so-called "Ice-Age" Island, one of the few Philippine islands that had already separated by deep water since the middle of late Pleistocene era. Because of this separation the plant and animal life on islands like Sibuyan evolved independently, producing many unique life forms.
- There are estimated to be 700 vascular plant species on the island, including 54 species that are endemic to it. Five species of mammals (all threatened) (one fruit bat and four rodents) are endemic to Sibuyan, and the critically endangered fruit bat Nyctimene rabori occurs there.
- Considered as "center of endemism," a place that supports the world's only populations of a series of species. Finding five new, unique species of mammals on such a small island was astonishing-no other island of this size anywhere in the world is known to have so many.
- Mt. Guiting-Guiting has been declared a Natural Park in 1996 by President Fidel V. Ramos because of its unique flora and fauna, intact diverse vegetation, and interesting geological formation.
- Sibuyan is also home to the "cleanest in-land body of water" for the year 2007.
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